Administration's Narrow SOX Interpretation Kills Many Whistleblower Suits

SarbanesOxley Signing

In 2002, Congress passed a sweeping corporate reform bill known as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX). This legislation was a direct result of the crimes committed by publicly traded companies such as Enron and Worldcom. In drafting the bill, lawmakers wisely recognized that SOX would be meaningless without the "teeth" of a strong whistleblower protection provision. And when President Bush signed the bill, it was hailed as a great day for corporate reform, and for corporate whistleblowers. 


 

Unfortunately (yet predictably), since 2002, the Administration has refused to protect corporate whistleblowers in a manner consistent with SOX. Law professor Richard Moberly's disheartening research indicates that only 3.6% of  SOX whistleblowers have been able to obtain relief through the administrative (Department of Labor) process. The problem lies, partly, in the Administration's attempts to thwart whistleblowers by creating a loophole in the law.


A recent Wall Street Journal article  details how the Department of Labor has adopted an overly narrow interpretation of the SOX. The DOL has taken the absurd position that if you are employed by a subsidiary of publicly traded company, then you are not protected by the whistleblower provisions of SOX. I believe that this is an untenable position, and so do a couple of prominent members of the Senate Judiciary Committee. 


Senators Grassley and Leahy, who were principal sponsors of SOX and are longtime champions of whistleblowers, have begun to take action on this issue. They have sent a sternly worded letter to Secretary of Labor Elaine Chao demanding answers on the Administration's position, which is highly inconsistent with the broad language found in the SOX legislation.


For further information on this issue, please view this letter, written to Senator Arlen Specter by Pittsburgh attorney Jason Archinaco. This letter details the problems with the DOL's misguided policy, and includes attachments, such as the above referenced letter authored by Senators Grassley and Leahy.


Mr. Archinaco is a member of our Attorney Referral Service who represented UBS whistleblower Timothy Flynn.

Whistleblower News Roundup

It's been a week since our last post, and a lot has happened in the world of whistleblower protection since then. Here are some of the high (and low) lights:


  • Here is an interesting story about Georgia Senator Saxby Chambliss and his rough treatment of a sugar plant whistleblower during a Senate hearing. It seems that Sen. Chambliss is blaming the whistleblower, company VP Graham H. Graham, for an explosion at his plant which killed  13 workers on February 7.

    Interestingly, it appears that Graham had only been working at the plant several weeks before the explosion, during which he had reported safety violations and was rebuffed by superiors. Also, the company, Imperial, is among Chambliss' campaign contributors.

  • DoD contractor Pratt&Whitney has settled a False Claims Act suit, and over $52 million will be returned to US Taxpayers. The company was accused of manufacturing faulty engine parts for Airforce fighter jets which caused the june 2003 crash of an F-16. The company is also replacing parts for over 50,000 aircraft at its own expense. 

 

 

Sarbanes-Oxley FAQ

What Federal laws protect whistleblowers who report corporate fraud?

In 2002, Congress passed the historic Sarbanes-Oxley Act which protects employees of publicly traded companies who report violations of Securities and Exchange Commission regulations or any provision of federal law relating to fraud against the shareholders.


Who is protected?

Employees of publicly traded companies and contractors, subcontractors, and agencies of publicly traded companies.


What is “protected activity?”

The Sarbanes-Oxley whistleblower law broadly defines protected activity to include reports made to federal regulatory and law enforcement agencies, Congress, an employee’s supervisor, internal corporate investigators. The law also protects employees who participate or testify in SEC regulatory proceedings or other federal proceedings related to fraud against shareholders.


What is illegal discrimination?

Adverse changes to the whistleblowers terms and conditions of employment are prohibited. This includes a wide range of actions from reprimands to termination and blacklisting.


Where should complaints be filed?

U.S. Department of Labor
Office of the Assistant Secretary
Occupational Safety and Health Administration - Room: S2315
200 Constitution Avenue
Washington, D.C. 20210
(202) 693-2000


What is the statute of limitations?

A complaint filed under the SOX whistleblower law must be filed with the Department of Labor in writing within 90 days of the time an employee learns that he or she will be, or has been, subjected to discrimination, harassment, or retaliation.


What remedies are available to employees under the Sarbanes Oxley whistleblower law?

Employees who prevail are entitled to

• Reinstatement
• Backpay with interest
• a complete “make whole” remedy (including restoration of seniority/sick leave, etc)
• “Special Damages” (for emotional distress and loss of professional reputation)*
• Attorneys’ fees and costs
• “Affirmative Relief” (such as requiring a letter of apology and formal posting of the decision)

*If an employee is seeking “special damages,” that relief should be requested in their initial complaint.


Do other laws protect corporate whistleblowers?

Concepts and Procedures in Whistleblower LawMany other federal and state laws have been enacted laws to protect whistleblowers. The National Whistleblower Center has produced several publications which outline these laws, some of which are offered as free downloads for whistleblowers and their advocates. For more information, visit the NWC publication page.

 




Also, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration operates an informative site for whistleblowers here.